Everything about Duncan Ii Of Scotland totally explained
Donnchad mac Maíl Coluim (
Modern Gaelic:
Donnchadh mac Mhaoil Chaluim) anglicised as
Duncan II (before c.
1060 –
12 November,
1094) was
king of Scots. He was son of
Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) and his first wife
Ingibiorg Finnsdottir, widow of
Thorfinn Sigurdsson.
Duncan was given into the keeping of
William I of England in 1072 as a hostage, and spent many years at court, where he was exposed to the newly arrived
Norman culture. His father, who had many sons, appears to have made no effort to obtain Duncan's return. By the reign of
William II, Duncan was probably a member of the Norman court rather than a hostage, and he was knighted by the English King.
His father's chosen successor was Duncan's half-brother Edward, who died in the same combat during the invasion of
Northumbria in 1093 as did Malcolm III. Malcolm was succeeded by his brother
Donalbane (Domnall Bán mac Donnchada), who reigned as Donald III, and Malcolm's other sons joined their half-brother Duncan in England.
Duncan received William II's tacit support for the Scottish kingship, but the English king didn't extend direct support as he planned a campaign in
Normandy. It is probably in the period 1093–1094 that Duncan married
Uchtreda of Northumbria, daughter of
Gospatric, Earl of Dunbar and Northumbria, although an earlier betrothal has been proposed. Accompanied by his Anglo-Norman followers, and perhaps by the elder of his half-brothers, Duncan easily defeated Donalbane in the early summer of 1094, but appears to have had little support north of the
Forth, being reliant on his Northumbrian, English and Norman allies.
A revolt later in 1094 was directed against Duncan's followers rather than the new king, but many of the Normans were killed and the rest sent away in order to settle the revolt. Donalbane's supporters appear to have rallied again, and Duncan was murdered late in 1094 by
Máel Petair,
Mormaer of Mearns. He was buried at
Dunfermline Abbey.
His son by Uchtreda,
William fitz Duncan, was a prominent figure during the reigns of Duncan's half-brothers
Alexander and
David.
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